Name of the people/race: Sur, Surian, Zuroi (Greek).
I am skipping over some passages from the bible because it is not very insightful nor accurate.
Chapter four is about the Sabeans or the worshipers of the Pole Star.
The Phoenicians looked upon the Pole Star as the goddess (Astroncema).
The Sun-Worshipers settled at the Euphrates Delta. Their race was known as Sumerians. They were mentioned as skilled astronomers.
The Sabean were also known as Mandaites (or Sons of the Word/Manda). Internally they referred themselves as Mandeans. They not only worship the Pole Star but also worship St John the Baptist as Yahio. Others (Muslims probably) referred to them as the Christians of the St. John.
The following Quranic verses about the story of Abraham who was living among his community that worshiped a star and the sun and the moon was mentioned.
[The Holy Quran 6:76] So when the night over-shadowed him, he saw a star; said he: Is this my Lord? So when it set, he said: I do not love the setting ones.
[The Holy Quran 6:77] Then when he saw the moon rising, he said: Is this my Lord? So when it set, he said: If my Lord had not guided me I should certainly be of the erring people.
[The Holy Quran 6:78] Then when he saw the sun rising, he said: Is this my Lord? Is this the greatest? So when it set, he said: O my people! surely I am clear of what you set up (with Allah).
[The Holy Quran 6:79] Surely I have turned myself, being upright, wholly to Him Who originated the heavens and the earth, and I am not of the polytheists.
Abraham might have been living among the Sabeans who chiefly worship the heavenly bodies - especially the Pole Star.
An Arab Historian of the tenth century, Hamzah Isfahani remarks that the Chaldeans populated the two cities, Harran and Roha. And in the time of al-Ma'moon, the Chaldeans gave up their name and took the name Sabeans. Another writer classifies the Babylonians, Chaldeans, Nabatheans, Syrians together as all descendants of the Sabeans.
The Sabeans, while worshiping the stars, believe in the God that created the world. They celebrated the festival of every planet in their chapel.
The sacred book of the Sabeans is the Book of Thammuz or The Hidden One. They had other books such as the book of the sun, the book hassearab and the book of the messenger of Hermes.
The Sabeans also worshipped twelve Messiahs.
The Nabatheans were followers of John the Baptist in Lebanon.
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